What is the appropriate frequency for chemical peels? How to perform peels and precautions by type

Many people are interested in or already practice "peeling," a skincare routine that removes dead skin cells accumulated on the skin's surface. However, some may not feel the effects of peeling and wonder if there's an issue with the frequency or method.

This article explains the purpose and expected effects of peeling, along with its appropriate frequency and precautions. By also reviewing different peeling methods, points to note when peeling, and recommended products, you can practice peeling more effectively.

Peeling refers to softening and removing old dead skin cells accumulated on the skin's surface. Skin cells are renewed through metabolism and turnover when they become old. Normally, skin turnover occurs in a regular cycle, but if turnover is disrupted due to skin damage or stress, old dead skin cells tend to accumulate.

When old dead skin cells accumulate on the skin's surface, the skin can feel rough or appear dull. Proper peeling to remove old dead skin cells can alleviate skin roughness and dullness caused by disrupted turnover.

Furthermore, peeling offers benefits such as "improved makeup application" and "easier penetration of toners into the stratum corneum." To gain these benefits and expected effects of peeling, it's essential to perform the treatment using appropriate methods and frequency.

When peeling, it is common to use peeling agents or devices. If peeling products are not used properly or if the frequency of peeling is incorrect, it may damage the skin, so caution is advised.

To determine the appropriate frequency for peeling, check the recommended frequency in the instructions for use of the peeling product. It is generally advised to do it once every 1–2 weeks, but this can vary depending on the type of agent/device and the strength of its ingredients, so be sure to check thoroughly before use.

Even if you use peeling products at the optimal frequency, skin problems may still occur depending on your skin type. It is recommended to start with a lower frequency than the guideline on the product and observe your skin's reaction.

While peeling can offer various benefits and effects, it's important to note that overdoing it can potentially damage the skin.

■ Potential skin problems from excessive peeling

When performing peeling, the key is to follow basic skincare principles such as "gently touching the skin" and "avoiding excessive rubbing." Additionally, since there are various types of peeling, it's important to follow the usage instructions and frequency appropriate for each type, along with the basic principles, for proper exfoliation.

Here, we introduce four common types of at-home peeling and how to perform them.

This method removes unwanted old dead skin cells and impurities using a wiping toner or similar product. After cleansing and washing your face, soak a thick cotton pad generously with the wiping toner and gently glide it across your face, from the center outwards. After using the wiping toner, moisturize with your usual toner and serum.

While it depends on the type of wiping toner, the general frequency of use is about once or twice a week. If it's a type that can be used daily, you can do so, but using it only once a day, either morning or evening, is sufficient. Adjust the frequency of use while observing your skin's condition.

This method removes unwanted dead skin cells and sebum using a peeling gel. Take an appropriate amount of peeling gel onto your palm and apply it to clean skin after cleansing or washing. After applying it to areas of concern such as the T-zone, U-zone, cheeks, and around the nose, gently rinse it off with lukewarm water. After gently patting your skin dry with a towel, moisturize thoroughly.

Peeling gels are generally recommended for use about twice a week. If you experience skin dryness or irritation, adjust the frequency as needed.

This method involves using a soap-type peeling agent instead of your regular facial cleanser. Lather the peeling soap well with a foaming net and gently apply it to your skin after cleansing. Move your hands from oily areas like the T-zone to thinner skin areas. You can also leave it on for 2–3 minutes as a foam pack, avoiding thinner skin.

Soap-type peeling agents should be used once or twice a week as a guideline. Although some products can be used daily, trying it at a lower frequency initially can reduce the risk of problems. Also, when performing a foam pack, it's important not to leave it on for more than 5 minutes to avoid stressing the skin.

Water peeling is a method that uses a beauty device to vibrate water or toner with ultrasonic waves to remove old dead skin cells and dirt from pores. Wet your skin with water or toner, and slowly move the beauty device against the direction of your pores. The key is to apply it gently to the skin without excessive force. Since the skin tends to dry out after care, moisturize thoroughly.

The frequency of use varies by product, but it is generally about once or twice a week. Many products also state a guideline for usage time, so be sure to carefully check the instructions and adjust the frequency and duration of use accordingly.

When performing peeling, there are several points to keep in mind besides the method and frequency. To minimize burden on your skin, be sure to follow these precautions during exfoliation.

Here, we discuss post-peeling care and when to avoid peeling. Also, review actions to avoid during peeling to ensure proper exfoliation.

After peeling, your skin tends to be sensitive and prone to dryness, so it is crucial to moisturize it thoroughly. Take toner into your palm, warm it with your body temperature, and gently press it onto your skin with your palms. After applying toner several times, gently spread lotion or cream over your entire face to moisturize thoroughly.

Also, skin after peeling is more susceptible to UV rays, so it's essential to protect it from the sun in addition to skincare. Since light can enter through windows, it is recommended to take UV protection measures not only when going out but also when indoors.

Avoid peeling immediately after sun exposure or if you have inflammation, such as acne. Start exfoliating after your skin condition has stabilized and while observing its reaction.

Also, most over-the-counter water peeling beauty devices are not waterproof, so using them in the bath is generally not feasible. However, after a bath, your pores are open, making it an ideal time to use a beauty device. Do not bring it into the bathroom; instead, prepare to use it after your bath.

Peeling refers to a special care treatment that removes old dead skin cells accumulated on the skin's surface, helping to alleviate skin roughness and dullness. While peeling offers various benefits and effects, it also carries the risk of stressing the skin, so it is crucial to perform it appropriately based on the type, frequency, and method. Additionally, pay attention to post-peeling care and timing when peeling should be avoided.

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